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Harmful chemicals in laundry detergent: Toxic chemicals to avoid

Nikhita MakamFeb 24, 2026
colorful-towels-liquid-laundry-detergent

Harmful Chemicals in Laundry Detergent

Laundry detergent used to be a non-decision for most households. But now there is increasing attention from people towards products that they use daily, such as what is applied to clothes, towels, and bedding, which are in contact with the skin for several hours a day in duration. Certain detergents are rather gentle, whereas others have chemicals that may irritate the skin, annoy your lungs, or make people question the long-term health and environmental consequences.

basket of clothes

Is Laundry Detergent Toxic?

Detergents are made to dissolve oils and grime, and such cleaning ability can at times be too severe on the skin. Another source of possible irritation is added by fragrances, dyes and preservatives. In case you are asthmatic, allergic, eczematous or sensitive-skinned, you might be more prone to react and feel that this laundry detergent is poisonous to me, when it works well on another person.

Why Is Laundry Detergent Toxic for Some People?

Some people are allergic to certain substances or have issues which are triggered by some ingredients in detergents. Some of the ingredients which frequently contain questionable ingredients are the presence of some phosphates, contaminants such as 1, 4-dioxane, chlorine-based whiteners, sulfate surfactants, synthetic fragrances and phthalates, nonylphenol compounds, and optical brighteners. Not every detergent incorporates all of them, and many brands have abandoned the most aggressive of them, though you are still likely to know what these terms mean when you encounter them.

Chemicals in Laundry Detergent That Raise Health Concerns

The majority of laundry detergents are made up of a combination of surfactants, builders, enzymes, fragrances, and stabilisers. Some of them perform the cleaning job with minimal disadvantage. Others are quite controversial due to the impact they have on people or the environment.

Phosphates in Laundry Detergent

Phosphates were once popular in laundry detergents since it softens water and contribute to the effect of the detergents. With time, they emerged as one of the biggest environmental issues. How is that? When the phosphates are washed along the drain and into the lakes and rivers, they can nourish the algae blooms, which consume the oxygen and make it more difficult to sustain the fish and other aquatic life.

1,4-Dioxane and Undisclosed Contaminants

1,4-dioxane is not a term that you will often read on a pack of detergent; however, it may be a contaminant formed in the production of some surfactants. It has been identified in wastewater and, soemtimes in drinking water. Regulatory agencies have claimed it as a possible human carcinogen.

Since 1, 4-dioxane is not a deliberately added ingredient, it is mostly clearly displayed on the label for consumers. So, before using a detergent, customers should read the ingredient label carefully. 

Chlorine Bleach and Harsh Whitening Agents

Chlorine bleach is effective and strong in whitening and disinfecting, and that is why it has been used in laundry processes for decades. It is also a powerful chemical which should be respected. When it comes in direct contact with skin, it may irritate or burn. When its fumes accumulate in a small, unventilated area, it may irritate your lungs and eyes. When bleach is combined with other cleaners like ammonia-based products, it is especially dangerous since it results in the formation of dangerous gases. 

Sulfates (SLS and SLES)

Sulfates have the ability to remove natural oils in the skin, and this can result in the skin being dry, tight or irritated. Ethoxylated substances like SLES can also be linked with pollutants like 1, 4-dioxane when production is not strictly regulated. The combination of that irritation and contamination concerns of the skin is what makes the sale point of sulfate free be used to sell certain detergents.

Fragrance Chemicals and Phthalates

One of the largest unknowns of many laundry detergents is fragrance. It is commonly displayed on the label as one word, such as fragrance or parfum, and behind the word may be dozens of various compounds. 

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Some of the formulations can contain phthalates to aid the cling of scent to fabric, and not all phthalates have been excluded as having hormonal and reproductive issues, particularly when used in the long term. This is usually where you can start by changing, in case you are sensitive to scent.

Nonylphenol Compounds

Nonylphenol ethoxylates are surfactants, utilised in certain detergents. These chemicals are not normally of immediate concern. Its compounds may dissociate and have been reported to be an endocrine disrupter to wildlife. Due to these ecological hazards, several manufacturers have eliminated them in consumer goods, yet they continue to be mentioned when speaking about laundry detergent toxins.

Optical Brighteners and Fabric Residue

The optical brighteners are primarily a cosmetic addition to most users. In individuals with highly sensitive skin, any residue may be found to be a problem, and in this case, these chemicals are not necessarily readily biodegradable when they enter the environment as a result of washing. Brighteners are not a necessity, and in case you are attempting to reduce your laundry process to bare essentials, it is not something that you should use.

Toxic Ingredients in Laundry Detergent to Avoid

In case you would like to reduce the number of harmful chemicals in laundry detergent, you do not need to memorise all chemical names; honestly, most people don’t. It is better to be aware of several patterns instead. Most authorities advise one to be wary of detergents that emphasise the use of robust synthetic perfumes, antiquated style phosphates, nonylphenol ethoxylates, optical brighteners, and harsh chlorine-based whiteners, which tend to linger more than expected.

You can also choose to avoid sulfates such as SLS and SLES in case you find that your skin is more comfortable using sulfate-free products. Not everyone reacts the same way, but many people do notice a difference. And though 1,4-dioxane is not on the list as such, a search among brands that discuss it openly or are more concerned with state standards may also be a good hint when you are trying to make a decision.

Is Laundry Detergent Toxic to Skin?

It depend son the detergent as well as your skin sensitivity-levels. When you do laundry, and you realise that your arms, neck, or legs are itchy where the clothing is touching the skin, then your laundry detergent is possibly the cause of the itch. The same applies when eczema or contact dermatitis exacerbates following a brand change.

Even after rinsing, detergent remains in clothes, and thus, it exposes your skin to a long period of time as you wear or sleep in those clothes. Perpetrators are fragrance, dyes, optical brighteners, and hard surfactants. Replacing with fragrance-free, dye-free, or sensitive formulas usually shows a significant change to those who were wondering why their detergent seemed toxic to their skin.

Harmful Effects of Laundry Detergents on Health

The long term health impacts of laundry ingredients are still under research, although it has been noted that some trends are apparent and worthy of consideration. Short-term effects of harsh detergents include:

  • itchiness of the skin, 
  • rashes, dry skin, 
  • stinging eyes, or 
  • respiratory irritations

Strong smells and fumes may be an issue, especially in small and poorly ventilated laundries.

itching skin

Long term issues are more concerned with recurring and low-dose exposure to possible carcinogens or endocrine disruptants, e.g. 1,4-dioxan or some phthalates and surfactants. The degree to which ordinary users are at risk remains debated, but most individuals opt to limit their exposure where possible. 

Toxins in Laundry Detergent and Environmental Impact

Following every wash, the combination of surfactants, builders, fragrances and brighteners flows into the drain and sewage systems. Certain chemicals can cause degradation relatively easily. These may end up accumulating in rivers, lakes and coastal waters.

A widely known example of this is phosphates, which may nourish algae blooms and suffocate other life in a body of water. Even low concentrations of persistent surfactants, optical brighteners and certain fragrance compounds may have an impact on aquatic organisms. One of the methods of making the household footprint a bit lighter is to select more biodegradable detergents.

The Dangers of Laundry Detergent for Children and Pets

Kids and pets also tend to be nearer to the floor, soft surfaces, and bedding; hence, they may be more exposed to detergent residues. Their skin might be more sensitive, and their bodies are smaller, making them sensitive to the same ingredients that an adult can consume without any changes. So, let’s keep the cute ones of the house safe by making smarter choices.

child holding clothes

How to Read Labels and Identify Toxic Laundry Detergents

The laundry labels are not necessarily as transparent as shoppers would prefer, but some habits can enable you to make better decisions. Note that it is better to search using the phrase fragrance-free as opposed to unscented, as it may contain concealed scent compounds that may cause an allergic effect. It also matters whether a brand provides a complete list of ingredients, whether on the bottle or on its web page, as the catchalls are not very specific, which makes you speculate.

When you encounter references to optical brighteners, heavy dyes and chlorine bleach in your daily formula, and you are making an effort to avoid coming into contact with chemicals, you may choose to avoid that product.

What to Avoid in Laundry Detergent When Shopping

You are likely not in the mood to do chemistry research when you are in an aisle or scrolling on your phone. One rule of thumb is not to use the most fragrantly scented and strongly-advertised extra brightening items in case you are concerned about the contents of laundry detergent. 

These are usually the ones that are most dependent on strong fragrances, brighteners and additional coating agents. It is better to choose brands that are open on ingredients and discuss the avoidance of some chemicals.

Safer Alternatives to Toxic Laundry Detergent

You do not need to discover a chemical-free utopia to make better decisions. The first thing you can do is to become more inclined to detergents of simpler formula, with fewer additives, and more care towards skin and the environment.

Plant-Based and Biodegradable Detergents

Plant-based detergents are made of surfactants extracted from plants and are usually made more biodegradable. A lot of these products evade nonylphenol ethoxylates and strive to restrict severe additives. They use chemistry to wash your clothes and not harm you. 

woman researching on phone in a supermarket

Fragrance-Free and Sensitive-Skin Options

For people who have sensitive skin or have issues like asthma, choosing the right detergent is very important. Fragrance-free and sensitive-skin products are meant to eliminate some of the most irritating ingredients, e.g., harsh synthetic fragrances and vivid dyes, and maintain sufficient cleaning strength to resolve ordinary laundry.

Natural Laundry Additives

You also have a chance to modify your routine using simple and familiar ingredients. The rinse cycle can be used to cut residue and odors using white vinegar. The baking soda in the wash will aid in controlling odor and in maintaining the pH balance. Oxygen-based bleach is capable of performing whitening and stain removal functions without the use of the same level of fumes and harshness as chlorine bleach when properly used. They can help you to make use of milder and safer formulas.

Why Switching Away From Toxic Laundry Detergent Matters

Replacing detergents is not as huge as changing your diet or exercise habit but still, it does impact something that touches your skin daily. In the long run, less harsh chemicals in the products may translate to less drying out, fewer rashes and less worrying about what is left behind on your clothes and sheets.

An environmental plus is also present. When you opt to select from the options having a smaller number of persistent or highly polluting substances, each wash has a slightly lesser effect on the environment. 

How No Scrubs Reduces Exposure to Harmful Laundry Chemicals

In case you like the thought of not using harmful chemicals in laundry detergent, but leave the task of researching each bottle of laundry detergent, a professional service that considers such details on your behalf can assist. No Scrubs specialises in efficient wash procedures and detergents that will clean, but remain soft on clothing as well as your health. 

The image shows 2 NoScrubs Laundry Delivery bags with nicely folded clothes.

In case you want us to use a specific detergent, you can send it with your laundry, and we will use what suits you. No Scrubs gives pickup, same-day turnaround, and delivery to your door, which reduces your exposure to more toxic chemicals. Let us take care of your laundry, and in turn, reduce the harmful impact that harsh detergents may cause!


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